Category: Cancer / Transport / Delivery

Fullerenes, as hydrophobic molecules, are limited in biomedical function due to their very low solubility. But taking C₆₀(OH)ₓ as an example, the properties of fullerenols were analyzed. It was found that fullerenols had good stability, water solubility, good biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity by adding a hydroxyl group to carbon atoms. In the biomedical field, it… Continue reading Biological and biocompatible characteristics of fullerenols nanomaterials for tissue engineering

Abstract We successfully prepared water-soluble fullerenol [C60(OH)46] that exhibited a high singlet oxygen quantum yield and efficiently generated reactive oxygen species. Additionally, the water-soluble C60(OH)46#nbsp;with a higher composition of exposed hydroxyl groups had superior two-photon stability and characteristics compared with that with a lower composition of such groups. Therefore, the prepared fullerenol can be an… Continue reading Water-Soluble Fullerenol with Hydroxyl Group Dependence for Efficient Two-Photon Excited Photodynamic Inactivation of Infectious Microbes

The aim of this study was to investigate the uptake and accumulation of fullerenol C60(OH)36#nbsp;into peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Some additional studies were also performed: measurement of fullerenol nanoparticle size, zeta potential, and the influence of fullerenol on the ionizing radiation-induced damage to PMBCs. Fullerenol C60(OH)36#nbsp;demonstrated an ability to accumulate in PBMCs. The accumulation… Continue reading A Multiparametric Study of Internalization of Fullerenol C 60(OH) 36 Nanoparticles into Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells: Cytotoxicity in Oxidative Stress Induced by Ionizing Radiation

Background:#nbsp;This study demonstrated an innovative formulation including the polyprenol (GBP) lipid and vitamin E-TPGS hybrid nanoparticles (NPs) which was aimed to control the transfer of betulinic acid (BA) and low-substituted hydroxyl fullerenol (C60(OH)n). Additionally, it developed BA-C60(OH)n-GBP-TPGS-NPs delivery system and researched the anti-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) effects. Materials and methods:#nbsp;The NPs were prepared by nanoprecipitation with… Continue reading Characterization and Cytotoxicity of Polyprenol Lipid and Vitamin E-TPGS Hybrid Nanoparticles for Betulinic Acid and Low-Substituted Hydroxyl Fullerenol in MHCC97H and L02 Cells

The current paper reviews the applications of luminescence bioassays for monitoring the results of low-intensity exposures which produce a stimulative effect. The impacts of radioactivity of different types (alpha, beta, and gamma) and bioactive compounds (humic substances and fullerenols) are under consideration. Bioassays based on luminous marine bacteria, their enzymes, and fluorescent coelenteramide-containing proteins were… Continue reading Monitoring of Low-Intensity Exposures via Luminescent Bioassays of Different Complexity: Cells, Enzyme Reactions, and Fluorescent Proteins

Background:#nbsp;Tumor metastasis is the primary cause of mortality in cancer patients. Migratory breast cancer cells in lymphatic and blood vessels seek new sites and form metastatic colonies in the lung and bone, and then these cancer cells often wreak considerable havoc. With advances in nanotechnology, nanomaterials and nanotechnologies are widely applied in tumor therapy. In… Continue reading Small size fullerenol nanoparticles suppress lung metastasis of breast cancer cell by disrupting actin dynamics

Radiotherapy-induced toxicity is a major dose-limiting factor in anti-cancer treatment. Ionizing radiation leads to the formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) that are associated with radiation-induced cell death. Investigations of biological effects of fullerenol have provided evidence for its ROS/RNS scavenger properties in vitro and radioprotective efficiency in vivo. Therefore we were interested… Continue reading Fullerenol C60(OH)24 effects on antioxidative enzymes activity in irradiated human erythroleukemia cell line

The therapeutic utility of the anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin is limited due to its cardiotoxicity. Our aim was to investigate the efficacy of fullerenol C(60)(OH)(24) in preventing single, high-dose doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats with malignant neoplasm. Experiment was performed on adult female Sprague Dawley rats with chemically induced mammary carcinomas. The animals were sacrificed two days… Continue reading Cardioprotective effects of fullerenol C(60)(Oh)(24) on a single dose doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats with malignant neoplasm

The aim of this study was to investigate the possible protective role of fullerenol (FLR, C(60)(OH)(24) on doxorubicin (DOX)-induced lung toxicity using biochemical and histopathological approaches. Rats (Sprague-Dawley outbred) were randomly divided into five groups. The healthy control group received no medication (saline only). The other four groups had chemically induced breast cancer (1-methyl-1-nitrosourea; 50… Continue reading Acute doxorubicin pulmotoxicity in rats with malignant neoplasm is effectively treated with fullerenol C60(OH)24 through inhibition of oxidative stress

The effects of fullerenol C60(OH)24 (Frl) at doses of 25, 50, and 100mg/kg/week (for a time-span of 3 weeks) on heart and liver tissue after doxorubicin (Dox)-induced toxicity in rats with colorectal cancer were investigated. In the present study, we used an in vivo Wistar male rat model to explore whether Frl could protect against… Continue reading Protective effects of fullerenol C60(OH)24 against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and hepatotoxicity in rats with colorectal cancer

In the present study, we report the novel application of polyhydroxylated fullerenes (fullerenols) in cancer drug delivery. The facile synthetic procedure for generating multiple hydroxyl groups on the fullerene cage offers scope for high drug loading in addition to conferring hydrophilicity. Doxorubicin, a first line cancer chemotherapeutic, was conjugated to fullerenols through a carbamate linker,… Continue reading Fullerenol-cytotoxic conjugates for cancer chemotherapy

Physically diverse carbon nanostructures are increasingly being studied for potential applications in cancer chemotherapy. However, limited knowledge exists on the effect of their shape in tuning the biological outcomes when used as nanovectors for drug delivery. In this study, we evaluated the effect of doxorubicin-conjugated single walled carbon nanotubes (CNT-Dox) and doxorubicin-conjugated spherical polyhydroxylated fullerenes… Continue reading Shape effect of carbon nanovectors on angiogenesis

Clinical use of doxorubicin continues to be challenged by its undesirable systematic toxicity, caused mainly by oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of fullerenol C(60)(OH)(24) polyanion nanoparticles, an antioxidant agent, against doxorubicin-induced nephro-, testicular, and pulmonary toxicity. Results obtained in vitro suggest that fullerenol’s anti-proliferative property and protective effect… Continue reading Antioxidant properties of fullerenol C60(OH)24 in rat kidneys, testes, and lungs treated with doxorubicin

Multi-hydroxylated endohedral metallofullerenol [Gd@C(82)(OH)(22)](n) nanoparticles possess the general physico-chemical characteristics of most nanoparticles. They also exhibit uniquely low toxicity and antineoplastic efficacy. In the current study, the molecular mechanisms and epigenetic characteristics of the antineoplastic action of these nanoparticles are explored. Human breast cancer MCF-7 and human umbilical vein endothelial ECV304 cell lines were used.… Continue reading Epigenetic modulation of human breast cancer by metallofullerenol nanoparticles: in vivo treatment and in vitro analysis

Recent data established the prospective applications for fullerenol (C60(OH)24) nanoparticle (FNP) in many fields, such as antioxidants, neuroprotective agents, and potential anti-radiation drugs. Leukemia cell sensitization to apoptosis induced by ionizing radiation is achieved by upregulation of ROS production and/or downregulation of antioxidative enzymes. Therefore, our aim was to analyze the potential role of fullerenol… Continue reading Modification of antioxidative and antiapoptotic genes expression in irradiated K562 cells upon fullerenol C60(OH)24 nanoparticle treatment

Polyhydroxylated fullerenols especially gadolinium endohedral metallofullerenols (Gd@C82(OH)22) are shown as a promising agent for antitumor chemotherapeutics and good immunoregulatory effects with low toxicity. However, their underlying mechanism remains largely unclear. We found for the first time the persistent uptake and subcellular distribution of metallofullerenols in macrophages by taking advantages of synchrotron-based scanning transmission X-ray microscopy… Continue reading Polyhydroxylated metallofullerenols stimulate IL-1β secretion of macrophage through TLRs/MyD88/NF-κB pathway and NLRP₃ inflammasome activation

This article summarizes the overall issues surrounding cancer for the general audience. Individual differences between patients include genetic and non-genetic differences manifested in various cellular pathways, tumor heterogeneity and variability, differing contribution of tumor microenvironment and potential toward metastasis. Successful treatment of individuals depends on correctly interpreting all these factors and appropriately addressing the actual… Continue reading Caging cancer

In this study, the alterations of the morphology and biomechanical properties of living SMCC-7721 cancer cells treated with fullerenol (C60(OH)24) for 24, 48, and 72h were investigated using an atomic force microscope (AFM). Comparative analyses show that the elastic moduli of the SMCC-7721 cells exposed to fullerenol decrease significantly with the increase of the treatment… Continue reading AFM-based study of fullerenol (C60(OH)24)-induced changes of elasticity in living SMCC-7721 cells

Adoptive immunotherapy is a highly effective approach for cancer treatment. Several potential adoptive immunotherapies have high (though reversible) toxicities with disappointing results. Polyhydroxylated fullerenols have been demonstrated as promising antitumor drugs with low toxicities. In this study, we investigate whether polyhydroxylated fullerenols (C60(OH)22 and Gd@C82(OH)22) contribute to cancer immunotherapy by regulating macrophages. Our results show… Continue reading Polyhydroxylated fullerenols regulate macrophage for cancer adoptive immunotherapy and greatly inhibit the tumor metastasis

Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is a cell signalling protein involved in systemic inflammation in infectious and other malignant diseases. Physiologically, it plays an important role in regulating host defence, but its overexpression can lead to serious illnesses including cancer, autoimmune disease and inflammatory disease. Gadolinium-based metallofullerenols, e.g., Gd@C82(OH) x (x ≈ 22), are well known… Continue reading Fullerenes and their derivatives as inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-α with highly promoted affinities

Malignant tumors are one of the main causes of death in Poland. One of the objectives of contemporary biomedical research is to maximize the effects of therapeutic strategies. The actions undertaken to improve therapeutic agents are aimed at reducing the side effects of cancer treatments. Another direction of investigations is the search for protective substances… Continue reading Fullerenols in therapy and diagnosis of cancer

Fullerenol (C60(OH)24) is present in aqueous solutions in the form of polyanion nanoparticles with particles’ size distribution within the range from 15 to 42 nm. In this research it is assumed that these features could enable fullerenol nanoparticles (FNPs) to bind positively charged molecules like doxorubicin (DOX) and serve as drug carriers. Considering this, fullerenol/doxorubicin… Continue reading Fullerenol/doxorubicin nanocomposite mitigates acute oxidative stress and modulates apoptosis in myocardial tissue

Protein ubiquitination plays a role in essentially every process in eukaryotic cells. The attachment of ubiquitin (Ub) or Ub-like (UBL) proteins to target proteins is achieved by parallel but distinct cascades of enzymatic reactions involving three enzymes: E1, E2, and E3. The E1 enzyme functions at the apex of this pathway and plays a critical… Continue reading Hydrophobic Patch of Ubiquitin is Important for its Optimal Activation by Ubiquitin Activating Enzyme E1

Chemotherapy as a conventional cancer treatment suffers from critical systemic side effects, which is generally considered as the consequence of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Fullerenes have been widely studied for their excellent performance in radicals scavenging. In the present study, we report a solid-liquid reaction to synthesize fullerenols and their application as ROS scavengers in… Continue reading Biocompatible [60]/[70] Fullerenols: Potent Defense against Oxidative Injury Induced by Reduplicative Chemotherapy

The objective of the present study was to deliver docetaxel to cancerous cells with enhanced efficacy and safety profile, using aspartic acid linked fullerenols. This aspartic acid derivatized fullerenol conjugate linked with docetaxel was characterized by UV, FT-IR and NMR spectroscopy. Studies for particle size, PDI, zeta potential and FE-SEM were also performed. The conjugate… Continue reading Aspartic acid derivatized hydroxylated fullerenes as drug delivery vehicles for docetaxel: an explorative study

This article studies the morphological and mechanical features of multinuclear and mononuclear SW480 colon cancer cells by atomic force microscopy to understand their drug-resistance. The SW480 cells were incubated with the fullerenol concentrations of 1 mg/ml and 2 mg/ml. Morphological and mechanical features including the height, length, width, roughness, adhesion force and Young’s modulus of… Continue reading Study of morphological and mechanical features of multinuclear and mononuclear SW480 cells by atomic force microscopy

Gadolinium-containing fullerenol Gd@C82(OH)22#nbsp;has demonstrated low-toxicity and highly therapeutic efficacy in inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis through new strategy of encaging cancer, however, little is known about the mechanisms how this nanoparticle regulates fibroblast cells to prison (instead of poison) cancer cells. Here, we report that Gd@C82(OH)22#nbsp;promote the binding activity of tumor necrosis factor (TNFα) to… Continue reading Molecular mechanism of Gd@C 82(OH) 22 increasing collagen expression: Implication for encaging tumor

Herein, A549 tumor cell proliferation was confirmed to be positively dependent on the concentration of Fe3+#nbsp;or transferrin (Tf). Gd@C82#nbsp;(OH)22#nbsp;or C60#nbsp;(OH)22#nbsp;effectively inhibited the iron uptake and the subsequent proliferation of A549 cells. The conformational changes of Tf mixed with FeCl3#nbsp;, GdCl3#nbsp;, C60#nbsp;(OH)22#nbsp;or Gd@C82#nbsp;(OH)22#nbsp;were obtained by SAXS. The results demonstrate that Tf homodimers can be decomposed into… Continue reading Metallofullerenol Inhibits Cellular Iron Uptake by Inducing Transferrin Tetramerization

The very effective anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) is known to have cardiotoxic side effects, which could be accompanied by autonomic modulation. Autonomic disbalance might even be an initiating mechanism underlying DOX-induced cardiotoxicity and can be studied noninvasively by the analysis of heart rate variability (HRV). A number of strategies have been assessed to predict chemotherapy-induced… Continue reading Cardiac autonomic modulation induced by doxorubicin in a rodent model of colorectal cancer and the influence of fullerenol pretreatment

In this study, atomic force microscopy (AFM) is used to investigate the alterations of the poroelastic properties of hepatocellular carcinoma (SMMC-7721) cells treated with fullerenol. The SMMC-7721 cells were subject to AFM-based creep tests, and a corresponding poroelastic indentation model was used to determine the poroelastic parameters by curve fitting. Comparative analyses indicated that the… Continue reading Investigation of fullerenol-induced changes in poroelasticity of human hepatocellular carcinoma by AFM-based creep tests